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1984\u5e74\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u56fe\u8c31\u4e0a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u67f3\u4f20\u5fd7\u4e0e10\u4f4d\u540c\u4e8b\u521b\u529e\u4e86\u8054\u60f3\uff1b\u738b\u77f3\u9760\u5012\u5356\u7389\u7c73\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u6df1\u5733\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u6559\u4eea\u5668\u5c55\u9500\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08\u4e07\u79d1\u524d\u8eab\uff09\uff1b\u53f2\u7389\u67f1\u7f16\u5199\u51fa\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b3e\u7edf\u8ba1\u7cfb\u7edf\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u7acb\u5fd7\u505a\u4e2d\u56fdIBM\uff1b\u5218\u6c38\u597d\u5144\u5f1f\u53d8\u5356\u5bb6\u5f53\uff0c\u4e0b\u6d77\u521b\u4e1a\uff0c\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u6253\u9020\u65b0\u5e0c\u671b\u96c6\u56e2\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u65f6\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u8054\u60f3\u3001\u4e07\u79d1\u3001\u65b0\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u5404\u81ea\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u9886\u5934\u7f8a\uff0c\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u4f20\u5947\u6545\u4e8b\u6fc0\u52b1\u7740\u4e00\u4ee3\u53c8\u4e00\u4ee3\u521b\u4e1a\u8005\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u201c84\u9ec4\u91d1\u4e00\u4ee3\u201d\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u521d\u671f\u6700\u8000\u773c\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8bde\u751f\u5728\u5e7f\u4e1c\u4e09\u6c34\u53bf\u7684\u996e\u6599\u5de5\u5382\u2014\u2014\u5065\u529b\u5b9d\u3002<\/p>\n

1<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u633d\u6551\u9152\u5382<\/strong><\/p>\n

1939\u5e74\uff0c\u674e\u7ecf\u7eac\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u5e7f\u4e1c\u4f5b\u5c71\uff0c\u7236\u4eb2\u6b7b\u4e8e\u6218\u4e71\uff0c\u6bcd\u4eb2\u65e0\u529b\u629a\u517b\uff0c\u4fbf\u628a\u674e\u7ecf\u7eac\u9001\u5230\u4e86\u5b64\u513f\u9662\u3002\u6216\u8bb8\u6b63\u662f\u5b64\u513f\u9662\u8270\u82e6\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u9020\u5c31\u4e86\u674e\u7ecf\u7eac\u575a\u97e7\u7684\u6027\u683c\u300210\u5c81\u90a3\u5e74\uff0c\u674e\u7ecf\u7eac\u4fbf\u5f00\u59cb\u5916\u51fa\u6253\u96f6\u5de5\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5370\u5237\u5382\u505a\u5b66\u5f92\u671f\u95f4\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e86\u8bc6\u5b57\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u7bee\u7403\u6bd4\u8d5b\u4e2d\uff0c\u674e\u7ecf\u7eac\u7ed3\u8bc6\u4e86\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u9886\u5bfc\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e4b\u540e\u88ab\u63d0\u62d4\u4e3a\u53bf\u4f53\u59d4\u526f\u4e3b\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

1973\u5e74\uff0c\u674e\u7ecf\u7eac\u4e34\u5371\u53d7\u547d\uff0c\u88ab\u8c03\u81f3\u6fd2\u4e34\u5012\u95ed\u7684\u4e09\u6c34\u9152\u5382\u51fa\u4efb\u526f\u5382\u957f\u3002\u5728\u674e\u7ecf\u7eac\u7684\u5e26\u9886\u4e0b\uff0c\u9152\u5382\u6210\u529f\u626d\u4e8f\u4e3a\u76c8\uff0c\u5e76\u8865\u4e0a\u4e86\u4e4b\u524d\u6b20\u4e0b\u7684\u503a\u52a1\u3002\u800c\u5e26\u9886\u9152\u5382\u91cd\u83b7\u65b0\u751f\u7684\u674e\u7ecf\u7eac\uff0c\u4e5f\u987a\u7406\u6210\u7ae0\u7684\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u9152\u5382\u5382\u957f\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u7edd\u5bf9\u8bdd\u8bed\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n

2<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201c\u4e1c\u65b9\u9b54\u6c34\u201d\u6a2a\u7a7a\u51fa\u4e16<\/strong><\/p>\n

1978\u5e74\uff0c\u9614\u522b30\u5e74\u7684\u53ef\u53e3\u53ef\u4e50\u91cd\u8fd4\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u5e76\u8fc5\u901f\u62a2\u5360\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u5e02\u573a\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u5dee\u9014\u4e2d\uff0c\u674e\u7ecf\u7eac\u5076\u7136\u5c1d\u5230\u4e86\u6613\u62c9\u7f50\u5305\u88c5\u7684\u53ef\u53e3\u53ef\u4e50\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u65e5\u540e\u7684\u996e\u6599\u4e8b\u4e1a\u57cb\u4e0b\u4e86\u79cd\u5b50\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u6539\u5584\u5b71\u5f31\u7684\u4f53\u80b2\u79d1\u5b66\u4e8b\u4e1a\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f53\u59d4\u5411\u5404\u5927\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u4e0b\u5927\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5c31\u5305\u62ec\u8fd0\u52a8\u996e\u6599\u3002\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u5e7f\u5dde\u4f53\u80b2\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u4fbf\u7814\u53d1\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u6b3e\u4f53\u80b2\u996e\u6599\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u8fd0\u52a8\u5458\u5feb\u901f\u6062\u590d\u4f53\u529b\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5f97\u4e4b\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d88\u606f\u540e\uff0c\u674e\u7ecf\u7eac\u8fc5\u901f\u627e\u4e0a\u95e8\u6765\u30021983\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u5728\u7ecf\u8fc7130\u591a\u6b21\u8c03\u8bd5\u540e\uff0c\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5728\u5473\u9053\u4e0a\u8fbe\u6210\u4e86\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u5065\u529b\u5b9d\u81ea\u6b64\u8bde\u751f\u30021984\u5e74\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u56fd\u91cd\u8fd4\u5965\u8fd0\u4f1a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u674e\u7ecf\u7eac\u654f\u9510\u5730\u55c5\u5230\u4e86\u5546\u673a\uff0c\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u80c6\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u2014\u2014\u8c6a\u63b720\u4e07\u8d5e\u52a9\u56fd\u5bb6\u961f\u51fa\u6218\u5965\u8fd0\u4f1a\u3002\u800c\u5f7c\u65f6\u7684\u9152\u5382\uff0c\u5e74\u5229\u6da6\u624d\u4e0d\u8fc75\u4e07\u5143\uff0c\u8d26\u4e0a\u4ec5\u526928\u4e07\u8d44\u91d1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c31\u5f53\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u7b49\u7740\u770b\u674e\u7ecf\u7eac\u7684\u7b11\u8bdd\u65f6\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u8bb8\u6d77\u5cf0\u3001\u674e\u5b81\u7b49\u8fd0\u52a8\u5458\u7684\u51fa\u8272\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u961f\u65a9\u83b715\u679a\u91d1\u724c\uff0c\u6ee1\u8f7d\u800c\u5f52\u3002\u800c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6307\u5b9a\u996e\u54c1\u8d5e\u52a9\u5546\u7684\u5065\u529b\u5b9d\uff0c\u5728\u9ad8\u6da8\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u8c6a\u611f\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u81ea\u6b64\u4e00\u70ae\u800c\u7ea2\uff0c\u8fc5\u901f\u6210\u957f\u4e3a\u56fd\u4ea7\u996e\u6599\u54c1\u724c\u9886\u519b\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u6536\u83b7\u4e86\u201c\u4e1c\u65b9\u9b54\u6c34\u201d\u7684\u79f0\u53f7\u30021996\u5e74\uff0c\u5065\u529b\u5b9d\u66f4\u662f\u521b\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd160\u4ebf\u7684\u9500\u552e\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u4efd\u989d\u751a\u81f3\u6bd4\u53ef\u53e3\u53ef\u4e50\u3001\u767e\u4e8b\u53ef\u4e50\u7684\u603b\u548c\u8fd8\u8981\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

3<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8dcc\u843d\u795e\u575b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u5065\u529b\u5b9d\u8d8a\u505a\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u674e\u7ecf\u7eac\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u8206\u8bba\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u3002\u636e\u5a92\u4f53\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u5728\u5065\u529b\u5b9d\u8fdb\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u51b3\u7b56\u662f\uff0c\u674e\u7ecf\u7eac\u7ecf\u5e38\u6b66\u65ad\u72ec\u884c\uff0c\u8ba9\u5927\u80a1\u4e1c\u5341\u5206\u4e0d\u6ee1\u3002\u800c\u968f\u7740\u674e\u7ecf\u7eac\u5728\u4f53\u5236\u5185\u5e74\u6ee1\u9000\u4f11\uff0c\u52a0\u4e4b\u56fd\u4f01\u6539\u5236\u5927\u5e55\u7684\u5f00\u542f\uff0c\u9ad8\u5c42\u6700\u7ec8\u51b3\u5b9a\u5356\u6389\u5065\u529b\u5b9d\u3002<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u5f53\u9ad8\u5c42\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6267\u610f\u51fa\u552e\u5065\u529b\u5b9d\u65f6\uff0c\u674e\u7ecf\u7eac\u518d\u65e0\u529b\u56de\u5929\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u5065\u529b\u5b9d\u88ab\u4ee53.38\u4ebf\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u201c\u8d31\u5356\u201d\u7ed9\u4e86\u5f20\u6d77\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u636e\u4f20\u5728\u4e0a\u5b66\u65f6\u5f00\u4e86\u5929\u773c\uff0c\u62dc\u5728\u6d3b\u4f5b\u95e8\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u795e\u7ae5\u201d\u3002\u636e\u5f20\u6d77\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u91c7\u8bbf\u65f6\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u4e70\u4e0b\u5065\u529b\u5b9d\uff0c\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u6c11\u65cf\u60c5\u611f\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u5065\u529b\u5b9d\u843d\u5165\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u624b\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u5374\u66dd\u51fa\u5f20\u6d77\u6d89\u5acc\u4f5c\u5047\u8d26\uff0c\u79c1\u541e\u5065\u529b\u5b9d\u8d44\u91d1\u88ab\u6355\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u66fe\u7ecf\u53f1\u54a4\u98ce\u4e91\u7684\u5065\u529b\u5b9d\uff0c\u4e5f\u81ea\u6b64\u6ca1\u843d\u3002<\/p>\n

4<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u542b\u6068\u79bb\u4e16<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u5065\u529b\u5b9d\u7684\u51fa\u552e\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e0a\uff0c\u674e\u7ecf\u7eac\u72ec\u81ea\u8e72\u5728\u89d2\u843d\uff0c\u4e00\u8a00\u4e0d\u53d1\uff0c\u773c\u7741\u7741\u770b\u7740\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6bd5\u751f\u5fc3\u8840\u843d\u5165\u4ed6\u4eba\u53e3\u888b\u3002\u65b0\u534e\u793e\u4e00\u5219\u201c\u542b\u6cea\u4ef0\u5929\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d1\u4e00\u8bed\u201d\u7684\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u4e5f\u8ba9\u5168\u56fd\u4e0a\u4e0b\u4e00\u7247\u54d7\u7136\u3002\u7b7e\u7ea6\u4eea\u5f0f\u540e\u7684\u7b2c9\u5929\uff0c\u674e\u7ecf\u7eac\u7a81\u53d1\u8111\u6ea2\u8840\u5165\u9662\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

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